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| 8d8c22d781 | |||
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314
CLAUDE.md
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314
CLAUDE.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
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# CLAUDE.md
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|
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This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.
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## Project Overview
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**pgm** is a lightweight, type-safe PostgreSQL query builder for Go, built on top of jackc/pgx. It generates Go code from SQL schema files, enabling compile-time safety for database queries without the overhead of traditional ORMs.
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**Core Philosophy:**
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- Schema defined in SQL (not Go)
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- Minimal code generation (only table/column definitions)
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- Users provide their own models (no forced abstractions)
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- Type-safe query building with fluent API
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- Zero reflection for maximum performance
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## Development Commands
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### Building
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|
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```bash
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# Build CLI with version from git tags
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make build
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# Build with specific version
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make build VERSION=v1.2.3
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# Install to GOPATH/bin
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make install
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|
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# Check current version
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make version
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pgm -version
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```
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|
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### Testing
|
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|
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```bash
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# Run all tests in playground
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make test
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|
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# Run benchmarks for SELECT queries
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make bench-select
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# Run code generator on playground schema
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make run
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```
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### Code Generation
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||||
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||||
```bash
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# Generate Go code from SQL schema
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pgm -o ./db ./schema.sql
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# The generator expects a SQL schema file and outputs:
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# - One package per table in the output directory
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# - Each package contains table and column definitions
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# Example output: db/users/users.go, db/posts/posts.go
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```
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## Architecture
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### Core Components
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#### 1. Query Builder System (qry_*.go files)
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The query builder uses a **mutable, stateful design** for conditional query building:
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- **qry_select.go**: SELECT queries with joins, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY, LIMIT, OFFSET
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- **qry_insert.go**: INSERT queries with RETURNING and UPSERT (ON CONFLICT) support
|
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- **qry_update.go**: UPDATE queries with conditional WHERE clauses
|
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- **qry_delete.go**: DELETE queries with WHERE conditions
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**Important:** Query builders accumulate state with each method call. They are designed for conditional building within a single query but should NOT be reused across multiple separate queries.
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```go
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// ✅ CORRECT - Conditional building
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query := users.User.Select(users.ID, users.Email)
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if nameFilter != "" {
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query = query.Where(users.Name.Like("%" + nameFilter + "%"))
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}
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err := query.First(ctx, &id, &email)
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// ❌ WRONG - Reusing builder across separate queries
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baseQuery := users.User.Select(users.ID)
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baseQuery.Where(users.ID.Eq(1)).First(ctx, &id1) // Adds ID=1
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baseQuery.Where(users.Status.Eq(2)).First(ctx, &id2) // Has BOTH conditions!
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```
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|
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Query builders are NOT thread-safe. Each goroutine must create its own query instance.
|
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|
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#### 2. Field System (pgm_field.go)
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|
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Fields are type-safe column references with:
|
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- Comparison operators: `Eq()`, `NotEq()`, `Gt()`, `Lt()`, `Gte()`, `Lte()`
|
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- Pattern matching: `Like()`, `ILike()`, `LikeFold()`, `EqFold()`
|
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- NULL checks: `IsNull()`, `IsNotNull()`
|
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- Array operations: `Any()`, `NotAny()`
|
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- Aggregate functions: `Count()`, `Sum()`, `Avg()`, `Min()`, `Max()`
|
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- String functions: `Lower()`, `Upper()`, `Trim()`, `StringEscape()`
|
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- Special functions: `ConcatWs()`, `StringAgg()`, `DateTrunc()`, `RowNumber()`
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**Security:** Functions like `ConcatWs()`, `StringAgg()`, and `DateTrunc()` validate inputs and escape SQL strings. They use allowlists for parameters like date truncation levels.
|
||||
|
||||
#### 3. Connection Pool (pgm.go)
|
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|
||||
Global connection pool using pgxpool with atomic pointer for thread safety:
|
||||
|
||||
- `InitPool(Config)`: Initialize once at startup (panics if called multiple times or with invalid config)
|
||||
- `GetPool()`: Retrieve pool instance (panics if not initialized)
|
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- `ClosePool()`: Graceful shutdown
|
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- `BeginTx(ctx)`: Start transactions
|
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|
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The pool is stored in an `atomic.Pointer[pgxpool.Pool]` for lock-free concurrent access.
|
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|
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#### 4. Code Generator (cmd/)
|
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|
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Parses SQL schema files and generates Go code:
|
||||
|
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- **cmd/main.go**: CLI entry point with version flag support
|
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- **cmd/parse.go**: Regex-based SQL parser (has known limitations)
|
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- **cmd/generate.go**: Code generation with go/format for proper formatting
|
||||
- **cmd/version.go**: Version string generation from build-time ldflags
|
||||
|
||||
**Parser Limitations:**
|
||||
- No multi-line comments (`/* */`)
|
||||
- Limited support for complex data types (arrays, JSON, JSONB)
|
||||
- No advanced PostgreSQL features (PARTITION BY, INHERITS)
|
||||
- Some constraints (CHECK, EXCLUDE) not parsed
|
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|
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Generated files include a header comment with version and timestamp:
|
||||
```go
|
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// Code generated by code.patial.tech/go/pgm/cmd v1.2.3 on 2025-11-16 04:05:43 DO NOT EDIT.
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
#### 5. Table System (pgm_table.go)
|
||||
|
||||
Minimal table metadata:
|
||||
```go
|
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type Table struct {
|
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Name string // Table name
|
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FieldCount int // Number of columns
|
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PK []string // Primary key columns
|
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DerivedTable Query // For subqueries/CTEs
|
||||
}
|
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```
|
||||
|
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Provides factory methods: `Select()`, `Insert()`, `Update()`, `Delete()`
|
||||
|
||||
### String Builder Pool
|
||||
|
||||
Uses `sync.Pool` for efficient string building (qry.go):
|
||||
```go
|
||||
var sbPool = sync.Pool{
|
||||
New: func() any { return new(strings.Builder) }
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
All query builders use `getSB()` / `putSB()` to reduce allocations.
|
||||
|
||||
### Error Handling
|
||||
|
||||
Custom errors in pgm.go:
|
||||
- `ErrConnStringMissing`: Connection string validation
|
||||
- `ErrInitTX`: Transaction initialization failure
|
||||
- `ErrCommitTX`: Transaction commit failure
|
||||
- `ErrNoRows`: Wrapper for pgx.ErrNoRows
|
||||
|
||||
Use `pgm.IsNotFound(err)` to check for no rows errors.
|
||||
|
||||
### Generated Code Structure
|
||||
|
||||
For a schema with `users` and `posts` tables:
|
||||
```
|
||||
db/
|
||||
├── schema.go # Table definitions and DerivedTable helper
|
||||
├── user/
|
||||
│ └── users.go # User table columns as constants
|
||||
├── post/
|
||||
│ └── posts.go # Post table columns as constants
|
||||
└── ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Each table file exports constants like:
|
||||
```go
|
||||
const (
|
||||
All pgm.Field = "users.*"
|
||||
ID pgm.Field = "users.id"
|
||||
Email pgm.Field = "users.email"
|
||||
// ... all columns
|
||||
)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Naming Conventions
|
||||
|
||||
- **Table pluralization**: `pluralToSingular()` in cmd/generate.go handles irregular plurals (people→person, children→child) and common patterns (-ies→-y, -ves→-fe, -es→-e, -s→"")
|
||||
- **Field naming**: Snake_case columns converted to PascalCase (first_name → FirstName)
|
||||
- **ID suffix**: Fields ending in `_id` become `ID` not `Id` (user_id → UserID)
|
||||
|
||||
## Key Implementation Details
|
||||
|
||||
### Query Building Strategy
|
||||
|
||||
1. **Pre-allocation**: Queries estimate final string length via `averageLen()` methods to reduce allocations
|
||||
2. **Conditional accumulation**: All clauses stored in slices, built on demand
|
||||
3. **Parameterized queries**: Uses PostgreSQL numbered parameters (`$1`, `$2`, etc.)
|
||||
4. **Builder methods return interfaces**: Enforces correct method call sequences at compile time
|
||||
|
||||
Example type progression:
|
||||
```go
|
||||
SelectClause → WhereClause → AfterWhere → OrderByClause → Query → First/All
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Transaction Handling
|
||||
|
||||
Pattern used throughout:
|
||||
```go
|
||||
tx, err := pgm.BeginTx(ctx)
|
||||
if err != nil { return err }
|
||||
defer tx.Rollback(ctx) // Safe to call after commit
|
||||
|
||||
// ... operations using ExecTx, FirstTx, AllTx methods ...
|
||||
|
||||
return tx.Commit(ctx)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
All query execution methods have `Tx` variants that accept `pgx.Tx`.
|
||||
|
||||
### Full-Text Search Helpers
|
||||
|
||||
Helper functions for PostgreSQL tsvector queries:
|
||||
- `TsAndQuery()`: AND operator between terms
|
||||
- `TsPrefixAndQuery()`: AND with prefix matching `:*`
|
||||
- `TsOrQuery()`: OR operator
|
||||
- `TsPrefixOrQuery()`: OR with prefix matching
|
||||
|
||||
Used with tsvector columns via `Field.TsQuery()`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Testing
|
||||
|
||||
Tests are in the `playground/` directory:
|
||||
- **playground/schema.sql**: Test database schema
|
||||
- **playground/db/**: Generated code from schema
|
||||
- **playground/*_test.go**: Integration tests for SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
|
||||
- **playground/local_select_test.go**: Additional SELECT test cases
|
||||
|
||||
Tests require a running PostgreSQL instance. The playground uses the generated code to verify the query builder works correctly.
|
||||
|
||||
## Version Management
|
||||
|
||||
Version is injected at build time via ldflags:
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
go build -ldflags "-X main.version=v1.2.3" ./cmd
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The Makefile automatically extracts version from git tags:
|
||||
```makefile
|
||||
VERSION ?= $(shell git describe --tags --always --dirty 2>/dev/null || echo "dev")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This version appears in:
|
||||
- CLI `pgm -version` output
|
||||
- Generated file headers
|
||||
- Version string formatting in cmd/version.go
|
||||
|
||||
## Common Patterns
|
||||
|
||||
### Connection Pool Initialization
|
||||
Always initialize once at startup and defer cleanup:
|
||||
```go
|
||||
func main() {
|
||||
pgm.InitPool(pgm.Config{
|
||||
ConnString: os.Getenv("DATABASE_URL"),
|
||||
MaxConns: 25,
|
||||
MinConns: 5,
|
||||
})
|
||||
defer pgm.ClosePool()
|
||||
// ...
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Safe Query Execution
|
||||
Check for no rows using the helper:
|
||||
```go
|
||||
err := users.User.Select(users.Email).Where(users.ID.Eq(id)).First(ctx, &email)
|
||||
if pgm.IsNotFound(err) {
|
||||
// Handle not found case
|
||||
}
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
// Handle other errors
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Validation Requirements
|
||||
- UPDATE requires at least one `Set()` call
|
||||
- INSERT requires at least one `Set()` call
|
||||
- DELETE without `Where()` deletes ALL rows (dangerous!)
|
||||
|
||||
All execution methods validate these requirements and return descriptive errors.
|
||||
|
||||
## Performance Considerations
|
||||
|
||||
- **sync.Pool**: Reuses string builders across queries
|
||||
- **Pre-allocation**: Queries pre-calculate buffer sizes
|
||||
- **Zero reflection**: Direct field access, no runtime type inspection
|
||||
- **pgxpool**: Leverages jackc/pgx's efficient connection pooling
|
||||
- **Direct scanning**: Users scan into their own types, no intermediate mapping
|
||||
|
||||
## Security Notes
|
||||
|
||||
- All queries use parameterized statements (PostgreSQL numbered parameters)
|
||||
- Field validation in functions like `DateTrunc()` uses allowlists
|
||||
- SQL string escaping in `escapeSQLString()` for literal values
|
||||
- Identifier validation via regex in `validateSQLIdentifier()`
|
||||
- Connection pool configuration validates against negative values and invalid ranges
|
||||
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
|
||||
"os"
|
||||
"path/filepath"
|
||||
"strings"
|
||||
"time"
|
||||
|
||||
"golang.org/x/text/cases"
|
||||
"golang.org/x/text/language"
|
||||
@@ -41,8 +40,9 @@ func generate(scheamPath, outDir string) error {
|
||||
|
||||
// schema.go will hold all tables info
|
||||
var sb strings.Builder
|
||||
sb.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("// Code generated by code.patial.tech/go/pgm/cmd %s on %s DO NOT EDIT.\n\n",
|
||||
GetVersionString(), time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")))
|
||||
sb.WriteString(
|
||||
fmt.Sprintf("// Code generated by code.patial.tech/go/pgm/cmd %s DO NOT EDIT.\n\n", GetVersionString()),
|
||||
)
|
||||
sb.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("package %s \n", filepath.Base(outDir)))
|
||||
sb.WriteString(`
|
||||
import "code.patial.tech/go/pgm"
|
||||
@@ -107,8 +107,9 @@ func generate(scheamPath, outDir string) error {
|
||||
|
||||
func writeColFile(tblName string, cols []*Column, outDir string, caser cases.Caser) error {
|
||||
var sb strings.Builder
|
||||
sb.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("// Code generated by code.patial.tech/go/pgm/cmd %s on %s DO NOT EDIT.\n\n",
|
||||
GetVersionString(), time.Now().Format("2006-01-02 15:04:05")))
|
||||
sb.WriteString(
|
||||
fmt.Sprintf("// Code generated by code.patial.tech/go/pgm/cmd %s DO NOT EDIT.\n\n", GetVersionString()),
|
||||
)
|
||||
sb.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("package %s\n\n", filepath.Base(outDir)))
|
||||
sb.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("import %q\n\n", "code.patial.tech/go/pgm"))
|
||||
sb.WriteString("const (")
|
||||
|
||||
8
go.mod
8
go.mod
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@ module code.patial.tech/go/pgm
|
||||
go 1.24.5
|
||||
|
||||
require (
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.5
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.27.0
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.6
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.31.0
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
require (
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 // indirect
|
||||
github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.40.0 // indirect
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 // indirect
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
8
go.sum
8
go.sum
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 h1:iCEnooe7Ulw
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761/go.mod h1:5TJZWKEWniPve33vlWYSoGYefn3gLQRzjfDlhSJ9ZKM=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.5 h1:JHGfMnQY+IEtGM63d+NGMjoRpysB2JBwDr5fsngwmJs=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.5/go.mod h1:aruU7o91Tc2q2cFp5h4uP3f6ztExVpyVv88Xl/8Vl8M=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.6 h1:rWQc5FwZSPX58r1OQmkuaNicxdmExaEz5A2DO2hUuTk=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/pgx/v5 v5.7.6/go.mod h1:aruU7o91Tc2q2cFp5h4uP3f6ztExVpyVv88Xl/8Vl8M=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 h1:PR8nw+E/1w0GLuRFSmiioY6UooMp6KJv0/61nB7icHo=
|
||||
github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:vriiEXHvEE654aYKXXjOvZM39qJ0q+azkZFrfEOc3H4=
|
||||
github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
|
||||
@@ -18,10 +20,16 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1 h1:w7B6lhMri9wdJUVmEZPGGhZzrYTPvgJArz7wNPgYKs
|
||||
github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.40.0 h1:r4x+VvoG5Fm+eJcxMaY8CQM7Lb0l1lsmjGBQ6s8BfKM=
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.40.0/go.mod h1:Qr1vMER5WyS2dfPHAlsOj01wgLbsyWtFn/aY+5+ZdxY=
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0 h1:jMBrvKuj23MTlT0bQEOBcAE0mjg8mK9RXFhRH6nyF3Q=
|
||||
golang.org/x/crypto v0.45.0/go.mod h1:XTGrrkGJve7CYK7J8PEww4aY7gM3qMCElcJQ8n8JdX4=
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 h1:ycBJEhp9p4vXvUZNszeOq0kGTPghopOL8q0fq3vstxw=
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0/go.mod h1:1dzgHSNfp02xaA81J2MS99Qcpr2w7fw1gpm99rleRqA=
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 h1:kr88TuHDroi+UVf+0hZnirlk8o8T+4MrK6mr60WkH/I=
|
||||
golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0/go.mod h1:9KTHXmSnoGruLpwFjVSX0lNNA75CykiMECbovNTZqGI=
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.27.0 h1:4fGWRpyh641NLlecmyl4LOe6yDdfaYNrGb2zdfo4JV4=
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.27.0/go.mod h1:1D28KMCvyooCX9hBiosv5Tz/+YLxj0j7XhWjpSUF7CU=
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.31.0 h1:aC8ghyu4JhP8VojJ2lEHBnochRno1sgL6nEi9WGFGMM=
|
||||
golang.org/x/text v0.31.0/go.mod h1:tKRAlv61yKIjGGHX/4tP1LTbc13YSec1pxVEWXzfoeM=
|
||||
gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
|
||||
gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
|
||||
gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
|
||||
|
||||
40
pgm_field.go
40
pgm_field.go
@@ -152,24 +152,24 @@ func (f Field) Desc() Field {
|
||||
return Field(f.String() + " DESC")
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumber(as string) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, nil, true, as)
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumber(as string, extraOrderBy ...Field) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, nil, true, as, extraOrderBy...)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberDesc(as string) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, nil, true, as)
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberDesc(as string, extraOrderBy ...Field) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, nil, false, as, extraOrderBy...)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// RowNumberPartionBy in ascending order
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberPartionBy(partition Field, as string) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, &partition, true, as)
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberPartionBy(partition Field, as string, extraOrderBy ...Field) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, &partition, true, as, extraOrderBy...)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberDescPartionBy(partition Field, as string) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, &partition, false, as)
|
||||
func (f Field) RowNumberDescPartionBy(partition Field, as string, extraOrderBy ...Field) Field {
|
||||
return rowNumber(&f, &partition, false, as, extraOrderBy...)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func rowNumber(f, partition *Field, isAsc bool, as string) Field {
|
||||
func rowNumber(f, partition *Field, isAsc bool, as string, extraOrderBy ...Field) Field {
|
||||
// Validate as parameter is a valid SQL identifier
|
||||
if as != "" {
|
||||
if err := validateSQLIdentifier(as); err != nil {
|
||||
@@ -188,11 +188,27 @@ func rowNumber(f, partition *Field, isAsc bool, as string) Field {
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
col := f.String()
|
||||
if partition != nil {
|
||||
return Field("ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY " + partition.String() + " ORDER BY " + col + orderBy + ") AS " + as)
|
||||
|
||||
// Build ORDER BY clause with primary field and extra fields
|
||||
sb := getSB()
|
||||
defer putSB(sb)
|
||||
|
||||
sb.WriteString(col)
|
||||
sb.WriteString(orderBy)
|
||||
|
||||
// Add extra ORDER BY fields
|
||||
for _, extra := range extraOrderBy {
|
||||
sb.WriteString(", ")
|
||||
sb.WriteString(extra.String())
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return Field("ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY " + col + orderBy + ") AS " + as)
|
||||
orderByClause := sb.String()
|
||||
|
||||
if partition != nil {
|
||||
return Field("ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY " + partition.String() + " ORDER BY " + orderByClause + ") AS " + as)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return Field("ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY " + orderByClause + ") AS " + as)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (f Field) IsNull() Conditioner {
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user